Pycnogenol

Supplement

Proprietary Pinus pinaster bark extract standardized to total procyanidins. Its composition is more reproducible than generic pine bark, but exposure and effects still involve multiple constituents and metabolites rather than one circulating parent compound.

Pharmacokinetic model

A route-level PK model for pycnogenol is being prepared from published data. Dosing references, studies, and documented interactions are below; the app catalog is updated as models are validated.

Key facts

Category
Supplement
Suggested cadence
once daily

Research behind this entry

  1. Review of the pharmacokinetics of French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol) in humans Bayer J, Högger P · Frontiers in Nutrition, 2024 DOI

    Review summarized small human single- and multiple-dose studies detecting numerous constituents and metabolites. Absolute extract bioavailability cannot be calculated, and differing time courses support…

  2. Pycnogenol supplementation in minimal cognitive dysfunction Hosoi M, Belcaro G, Saggino A, Luzzi R, Dugall M, Feragalli B · Journal of Neurosurgical Sciences, 2018 DOI

    Two-month supplement registry evaluated otherwise healthy people with minimal cognitive impairment. Its nonrandomized registry design is vulnerable to selection, expectancy, and confounding and does not establish…

2 published studies referenced in the app, each with a plain-language summary.