L-Phenylalanine

Amino Acidoral · inferred

Essential large neutral amino acid used in protein synthesis and converted by phenylalanine hydroxylase to L-tyrosine. This record represents the natural L-isomer only, not D-phenylalanine or the DLPA racemate. It is not a direct dopamine agonist, and precursor availability does not guarantee a clinically meaningful catecholamine effect. Supplemental phenylalanine is inappropriate in phenylketonuria and can compete with levodopa and other large neutral amino acids for intestinal and blood-brain transport.

Projected serum levels — 500 mg, once daily

L-Phenylalanine
L-Phenylalanine modeled serum levels, 500 mg once daily over 15 days Population-based pharmacokinetic estimate. Steady state reached after approximately 1 days. 0 12.5 25 37.5 50 Day 0 Day 4 Day 8 Day 11 Day 15 Time on a regular schedule ≈ steady state · day 1

Maintenance schedule: 500 mg once daily (oral).

Modeled steady state after ~1 days: peak ≈ 25.9 mg, trough ≈ 3.0 mg body load. Population-based estimate over 15 days for a 500 mg dose at a 70 kg reference body mass — the interactive app scales curves to your doses, timing, and body mass.

Key facts

Category
Amino Acid
Route modeled
Oral
Model confidence
inferred
Half-life
28 min
Common dose
500 mg
Suggested maximum
7.5k mg/day
Reference dose range
250–7.5k mg (single dose)
Suggested cadence
once daily
Validated against
560 mg oral — Cmax 1 mg/L at 2 h

Research behind this entry

  1. Studies on Phenylalanine Metabolism by Tracer Techniques. IV. Biotransformation of D- and L-Phenylalanine in Man Tokuhisa S, Saisu K, Naruse K, Yoshikawa H, Baba S · Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 1981 DOI

    A single healthy adult received separate stable-isotope-labeled D- and L-phenylalanine loads at 8 mg/kg. L-phenylalanine reached a much smaller labeled plasma peak at two hours and disappeared with a 0.5-hour half-life;…

  2. Effect of L-phenylalanine supplementation and a high-protein diet on pharmacokinetics of cefdinir in healthy volunteers Fujita T et al. · Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 2007 DOI

    Six healthy men received 7.5 g/day L-phenylalanine for 12 days in a randomized crossover experiment designed around cefdinir disposition. The supplement did not change cefdinir plasma or urinary kinetics and routine…

  3. Essential Amino Acids and Protein Synthesis Mazzulla M et al. · Nutrients, 2020 DOI

    Reanalysis of four tracer studies found that larger peripheral essential amino-acid peaks and changes correlated with muscle and whole-body protein synthesis after varied foods and formulations. Phenylalanine was used…

  4. Nutrition in phenylketonuria Talebi S, Eshraghi P · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 2024 DOI

    This review explains that PAH deficiency prevents normal conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine, allowing neurotoxic accumulation and requiring individualized phenylalanine restriction, medical foods, and sometimes BH4…

5 published studies referenced in the app, each with a plain-language summary.